POLLUTION AND HEALTH

  How the divide between policy formulation and implementation is affecting healthcare delivery in Low and middle-income countries: a meta-analytical view. Policy formulation is important for health care planning and service delivery. However, the process is not an end in itself. The relevance of formulated policies can only be justified upon implementation. The two are antecedents of each other as they share a cyclical in-put-output relationship.   The current hiccups that are commonplace in the healthcare settings in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) arise due to a lack of coordination and low capacity to manage the policy formulation and implementation see-saw balance. At the theoretical level, it is less clear and many factors engender the obscurity that has ravaged LMIC healthcare systems. Service providers work within policy frameworks and gaps in policy have impacts on the consumers of policy progeny.   Policies that are isolated in implementation undermi...

  Physical inactivity is a Cause of Cancer In one study exploring the lifestyle of people and the incidence of cancer, researchers have demonstrated that a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of developing cancer. Several literature reviews also support the correlation between physical inactivity and carcinogenesis.   The incidence of cancer has increased dramatically throughout the world in recent years, and cancer is a major cause of disease burden. Prevention is key to reducing cancer's incidence, prevalence, and death rate. Protective elements like physical activity, a healthy diet, and a healthy body weight should be strengthened while known risk factors like alcohol and tobacco use should be avoided. It has been demonstrated that sedentary activity raises the incidence and mortality of cancer. Sedentary behavior, which is widely observed in our daily lives, is defined as "any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ․  1.5 metabolic equivalents, wh...